Irritable bowel syndrome frequency and related factors in hemodialysis patients
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Introduction Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional bowel disease that is common in society, does not threaten life, impairs quality of life, and causes serious economic losses. Gastrointestinal system complaints and especially IBS are common in patients with chronic kidney disease. It has also been shown that psychiatric diseases are more common in patients with IBS. In this study, we aimed to determine the frequency of IBS in hemodialysis patients and to investigate the factors associated with IBS. Methods In this cross‐sectional study, the questionnaire prepared to evaluate depression, anxiety, and abdominal pain was administered face‐to‐face to 686 patients by the same researcher in seven dialysis centers; 404 patients without exclusion criteria were included in the study. The diagnosis of IBS was made according to Rome IV criteria. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify factors that are significantly related to IBS. Findings In 69 (17.1%) of the patients included in the study, symptoms were consistent with IBS. Binominal logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of age, dialysis duration, diabetes, proton pump inhibitor, non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, calcium acetate use, Hamilton depression and anxiety scores associated with IBS in the presence of IBS of the participants. The logistic regression model was statistically significant, χ2 (3) = 69.748, P < 0.001. Independent risk factors for IBS in hemodialysis patients were determined as anxiety, long‐term dialysis treatment, and using calcium acetate as a phosphorus binder. Discussion In hemodialysis patients, IBS occurs approximately twice as often as in a healthy population. Independent risk factors for IBS in hemodialysis patients are anxiety, long‐term dialysis treatment, and using calcium acetate as a phosphorus binder.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".