Cognitive impairment in patients with minor stroke/TIA: a follow-up study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To investigate the changes of cognitive impairment with disease progression in patients with minor stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA). Methods Consecutive patients with minor stroke/TIA were enrolled prospectively. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to conduct the cognitive function assessment within 7 d of the onset (baseline), at 1 and 3 months, respectively. Compared with the baseline, the total scores of MoCA in patients increased by ≥2 at 3 months were cognitive function improvement and increased <2 were no cognitive function improvement. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to identify the independent risk factors for no cognitive improvement. Results A total of 112 patients with minor stroke/TIA were enrolled in the study, including 63 patients (56.2%) with TIA and 49 (43.8%) with minor stroke. At baseline, 1 month, and 3 months, 77 (68.8%), 72 (64.3%) and 60 (53.6%) patients had cognitive impairment. At 3 months after the onset, the cognitive function of 25 patients (22.3%) were improved, in which 19 (76.0%) and 6 (24.0%) patients had TIA/minor stroke respectively; 87 (77.7%) did not have any improvement. Compared with the improvement group, the level of education was significantly lower (3.29±3.48 years vs. 5.63±4.26 years; t=2.814, P=0.006), the level of glycosylated hemoglobin was significantly higher (6.35%±1.26% vs. 7.21%±1.26%; t=-3.088, P=0.003) in the no improvement group, and the proportions of patients with minor stroke (49.4% vs. 24.0%; χ2=5.101, P=0.024), hypertension (52.9% vs. 24.0%; χ2=6.509, P=0.011), hyperlipidemia (51.7% vs. 24.0%; χ2=6.019, P=0.014), diabetes (41.4% vs. 16.0%; χ2=5.448, P=0.020), and coronary heart disease (32.2% vs.8.0%; χ2=5.792, P=0.016) were significantly higher. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the level of education (odds ratio [OR] 1.364, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.059-1.756; P=0.016), atrial fibrillation (OR 2.509, 95% CI 1.020-6.167; P=0.045), and higher glycosylated hemoglobin level (OR 1.586, 95% CI 1.021-2.034; P=0.030) were the independent risk factors for no cognitive function improvement at 3 months after the onset of minor stroke/TIA. As time went on, the MoCA score and visual spatial execution, memory, abstract and directional scores were increased significantly (P<0.001), while there were no significant differences in naming, attention, and language scores. Conclusions About 2/3 patients with minor stroke/TIA had cognitive impairment, and as time went on, they were improved. The lower education level, atrial fibrillation and higher baseline glycated hemoglobin were the independent risk factors for affecting no cognitive impairment improvement after monor stroke/TIA. Key words: Stroke; Brain Ischemia; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Cognition Disorders
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".