Efficacy of donepezil hydrochloride for patients with mild Alzheimer's disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of donepezil hydrochloride tablets in the treatment of mild Alzheimer's disease(AD) patients with clinical effect. Methods Ninety two patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) were enrolled from March 2013 to March 2015. Patients were randomly assigned in two groups with 46 cases in each: patients in study group were treated with donepezil hydrochloride tablets (4 mg, q. n) and patients in control group were treated with piracetam tablets (1.2 mg t. i.d). The Mini Mental State Scale (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), the Alzheimer's disease assessment component table Perception Scale (ADAS COG), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) were applied for evaluation of cognitive, activity ability and mental state before and after treatment. Results Before treatment, there were no significant differences in MMSE, MoCA, ADAS-cog, HAMA and HAMD scores between study and control groups (all P>0.05). The MMSE, MoCA scores after treatment in study group were higher than those in control group [24.80±1.15 vs. 23.75±1.20(t=4.285, P=0.000) and 23.30±0.55 vs. 22.41±0.64(t=7.153, P=0.000)]; the ADAS-cog score in study group was lower than that in control group (26.0±1.7 vs. 27.6±1.5, t=2.884, P=0.035). There were no significant differences in HAMA, HAMD scores between two groups (7.1±1.9 vs. 7.4±1.7 and 6.6±2.0 vs. 7.1±2.2, all P>0.05]. After treatment, the visual-spatial ability to execute in study group was 3.81±0.65, pay attention to the ability was (4.30±0.66) points and delayed recall score was 3.20±0.35, which were significantly higher than those in control group (3.42±0.66, 3.78±0.69 and 2.85±0.34; t=2.864, P=0.036; t=3.900, P=0.000; t=2.991, P=0.032). Mild adverse reactions were observed in 4 cases of study group and 2 cases of control group, all patients had spontaneous remission. Conclusions Donepezil hydrochloride tablets is effective in treatment of patients with mild AD with low incidence of adverse reactions. Key words: Alzheimer disease; Donepezil hydrochloride tablets; Drug therapy
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".