Neuropsychological test and 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography analysis in patients with Parkinson’s disease dementia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To describe the neuropsychological test results in patients with Parkinson’s disease with dementia and to analyze18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) figures performed in this group of patients. Methods (1) Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was performed in 12 patients with Parkinson’s disease，12 patients with Parkinson’s disease with dementia and 12 normal controls. (2) Positron emission tomographycomputerized tomography (PET-CT) were performed in these 12 patients with Parkinson’s disease and 12 patients with Parkinson’s disease dementia. Results (1) MoCA score in Parkinson’s disease dementia group was lower than that of Parkinson’s disease group，especially in the following categories:visuospatialand execution function (1.50±1.08 vs 4.25±0.87，t=-1.891)，attention (3.67±1.37 vs 6.00±0.00，t′=-2.199)，language skills (1.83±0.94 vs 2.67±0.49，t′=-2.745)，abstract thought (0.67±0.65 vs 1.75±0.45，t=-4.732)，long-term memory (0.25±0.45 vs 3.00±1.28，t′=-7.021) and orientation (4.25±1.71 vs 6.00±0.00，t′=-3.545).The results were statistically significant different (all P<0.05).MoCA score in Parkinson’s disease dementia group was lower than that incontrol group.The result was statistically significant different (15.10±3.82 vs 28.10±1.16，t′=-11.280，P<0.05). (2) Analysis18F-FDG PET showed that the cerebral metabolism in Parkinson’s disease group reduced slightly asymmetrically.The cerebral metabolism in Parkinson’s disease dementia group reduced significantly asymmetrically. Conclusions The cognitive domains are impaired more severe in Parkinson’s disease dementia group，including visuospatial skills，executing skills，attention，language skills，abstract thought，long-term memory and orientation.18 F-FDG PET may provide helpful information used in Parkinson’s disease dementia diagnosis. Key words: Parkinson disease; Dementia; Neuropsychological tests; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Positron-emission tomography
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".