Effects and related mechanisms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease combined with respiratory failure on sleep and cognitive function
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To investigate the factors and mechanisms which may affect the sleep and cognitive function of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)and respiratory failure. To improve the clinical understanding and to find the evidences in order to intervene and treat in time. Methods The Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI) scale. Montreal cognitive function (MoCA) and mini-mental state examination (MMSE) were used to evaluate the sleep and cognitive function in COPD groups and the healthy adult control group. The baseline data, sleep, and cognitive functions were then compared and analyzed. Results The PSQI scores of COPD patients in respiratory failure group were higher than those in Non respiratory failure group and normal control group, but the total scores of MoCA and MMSE was obviously lower. The differences of total scores between each groups were statistically significant (P<0.05) . The spatial execution, nomenclature, concentration of attention, language calculation, abstract thinking and recall scores were significantly lower in patients with COPD combined with respiratory failure, especially combined with type Ⅱ respiratory failure. By contrast, there were no significant differences in short-term recall between the groups, but the differences in delayed recall were statistically significant(P<0.05). MoCA score and MMSE score were negatively correlated with PaCO2, lactic acid, mMRC and CAT scores, and positively correlated with PaO2 and FEV1%pred. These correlations are statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusions Patients with COPD have extensive cognitive impairment. And as the disease worsens, cognitive impairment is more pronounced. Respiratory failure may be one of the most important factors that aggravate the abnormal sleep and cognitive dysfunction in COPD patients. Its mechanism is related to hypoxemia, hypercapnia, lactic acidosis and so on. Key words: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Respiratory failure; Sleep; Cognitive function
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".