Current perception threshold and pain tolerance threshold of median nerve of Parkinson's disease patients associated with pain
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective To explore the role of current perception threshold and pain tolerance threshold of median serve of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients associated with pain. Methods Sixty-four PD patients and 30 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Using the Neurometer CPT, current perception threshold and pain tolerance threshold testing at 2 000, 250, 5 Hz was performed on median nerves of both hands. PD patients were assessed by the following rating scales: Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Hoehn-Yahr Scale (H-Y), Hamilton Depressive Scale (HAMD), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Mini Mental State Examination. Results PD patients had increased current perception threshold at 2 000, 250, 5 Hz of right hand as compared with control group (315.3±58.7 vs 290.1±38.6, t=-2.137, P=0.035; 112.3±29.3 vs 100.7±12.6, t=-2.701, P=0.008; 80.7±29.2 vs 71.1±15.1, t=-2.102, P=0.038) and had reduced pain tolerance threshold at 2 000, 250, 5 Hz of both hands(left hand: 15.6±2.6 vs 16.7±2.3, t=1.933, P=0.056; 8.9±2.7 vs 10.0±1.7, t=2.445, P=0.017; 12.1±4.1 vs 13.6±1.9, t=2.395, P=0.019; right hand: 14.6±3.5 vs 16.1±2.4, t=2.383, P=0.020; 8.9±2.3 vs 9.7±1.0, t=2.365, P=0.020; 11.5±4.5 vs 13.6±4.0, t=2.191, P=0.032). PD patients with pain had lower pain tolerance threshold at 2 000, 250, 5 Hz of both hands, compared with PD patients without pain (left hand: 14.7±2.4 vs 16.6±2.6, t=3.041, P=0.003; 8.1±2.3 vs 9.9±2.7, t=2.766, P=0.007; 10.9±4.7 vs 13.4±3.0, t=2.439, P=0.018; right hand: 13.5±3.1 vs 15.8±3.6, t=2.647, P=0.010; 8.1±2.0 vs 9.8±2.4, t=3.052, P=0.003; 10.3±3.9 vs 13.0±4.7, t=2.546, P=0.013). Compared with the PD patients without pain, PD patients with pain had higher scores of UPDRS, H-Y, HAMD and lower scores of MoCA. Conclusions In PD patients, the current perception threshold and pain tolerance threshold are abnormal, especially in the PD patients with pain. The sensory nerve function impairment may be involved in the mechanisms of pain in PD. Key words: Parkinson disease; Pain; Median nerve; Pain threshold; Sensory thresholds; Predictive value of tests
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".