Obstruction of Small Arterioles in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia due to Partial Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is a hazardous manifestation of atherosclerosis and treatment failure is common. Abnormalities in the arterioles might underlie this failure but the cellular pathobiology of microvessels in CLI is poorly understood. We analyzed 349 intramuscular arterioles in lower limb specimens from individuals with and without CLI. Arteriolar densities were 1.8-fold higher in CLI muscles. However, 33% of small (<20 μm) arterioles were stenotic and 9% were completely occluded. The lumens were closed by bulky, re-oriented endothelial cells expressing abundant N-cadherin that uniquely localized between adjacent and opposing endothelial cells. S100A4 and SNAIL1 were also expressed, supporting an endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. SMAD2/3 was activated in occlusive endothelial cells and TGFβ1 was increased in the adjacent mural cells. These findings identify a microvascular closure process based on mesenchymal transitions in a hyper-TGFß environment that may, in part, explain the limited success of peripheral artery revascularization procedures.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it