Oral feeding outcomes of infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Government of Canada in 2016 officially declared the opioid crisis as a national public health emergency. 1As the opioid crisis continues to prevail, the number of expecting mother’s using opioids during their pregnancy is increasing, as well as complications associated with the infant’s health. Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) occurs when the infant experiences withdrawal symptoms, such as hyperirritability, excessive crying and tremors after birth due to the in-utero drug exposure. These withdrawal symptoms often interfere with infant’s ability to engage in oral feeds, and thus they receive their nutrients via tube feedings. 2 However, infants who are in the NICU must have achieve independent oral feeds before being discharged from the hospital. The concept of NAS infants having longer feeding times compared to other NICU infants has been a common assumption, but no research has sought out to quantitively prove this. This study will be conducted by a retrospective chart review and the participants will be infants with NAS who are in the NICU and require pharmacological interventions. This study group will be matched with a control group of infants, with respiratory distress syndrome, for birth age (1-week difference) and birth weight (≤500 g difference). Independent group t-tests will be conducted to determine if there is a statistically significant difference between the two groups in time to reach independent oral feeds and a Chi square test will be used to compare baseline demographics. References University of Wisconsin. (2015). Canada: Opioid consumption in morphine equivalence (ME), mg per person. Retrieved from http://www.painpolicy.wisc.edu/sites/www.painpolicy.wisc.edu/files/country_file s/morphine_equivalence/canada_me_methadone.pdf Velez, M., & Jansson, L.M. (2008). The opioid dependent mother and newborn dyad: non-pharmacologic care. Journal of Addiction Medicine, 2(3), 113-120. DOI: 10.1097/ADM.0b013e31817e6105
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".