Rutin content in buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench, F. tataricum (L.) Gaertn. and F. cymosum Meissn.) growth in the Far East of Russia / Vsebnost rutina v ajdi (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench, F. tataricum (L.) Gaertn. in F. cymosum Meissn.) ...
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The paper presents results of the complex research of different species of Fagopyrum (F. esculentum Moench, F. tataricum (L.) Gaertn., F. cymosum Meissn.) on rutin content and their usage prospects as a resource of flavonoids. Relation between rutin content in the overground mass and the plant colour was found. Biological significance of rutin, prospects of its usage as a diagnostic trait in selection, are also shown in the article. Bio-chemical and technological traits of F. esculentum varieties cultivated in the Far East Russia were also studied and reflected in the paper. We therefore examined rutin content in the overground phytomass of the three species of Fagopyrum on the phase of mass flowering and discovered that high indices belong to: F. esculentum (Izumrud variety) ‒ 3.8 %, F. tataricum (sample k-62 from Canada) ‒ 4.4 % and F. cymosum (k-4231 from India) ‒ 4.1 %. 
 Rutin content in the hull of common buckwheat ranged from 0.08 till 0.20 %. Maximum rutin quantity was determined in the hull of Ussurochka (35.7 kg/ha), and minimum (17.8 kg/ha) in the hull of Pri 7. The studies show that the ash content, obtained after burning the hull of F. esculentum (600°C) is in average 2 %. The following elements were found in the ash: potassium, sodium, copper, silver, calcium, magnesium, zinc, aluminum, manganese, iron, nickel, chromium, phosphorus, and their concentration depend on variety and type of raw material of F. esculentum.
 Key words: Fagopyrum esculentum, F. tataricum, F. cymosum, overground mass, hull, rutin
 
 Izvleček
 V prispevku so predstavljeni rezultati kompleksne raziskave različnih vrst rodu Fagopyrum (F. esculentum Moench, F. tataricum (L.) Gaertn., F. cymosum Meissn.) o vsebnosti rutina in možnosti njihove uporabe kot vira flavonoidov. Ugotovljeno je bilo razmerje med vsebnostjo rutina v nadzemni masi in barvo rastlin. V članku je prikazan tudi biološki pomen rutina, možnosti njegove diagnostične uporabe pri selekciji oziroma njegov pomen pri selekciji. V delu so bile proučene tudi biokemijske in tehnološke lastnosti sort F. esculentum, ki jih gojijo na Daljnem vzhodu Rusije. Zato smo določali vsebnost rutina v nadzemnih delih treh vrst rodu Fagopyrum v fazi cvetenja in ugotovili, da visoki indeksi pripadajo: F. esculentum (sorta Izumrud) ‒ 3,8 %, F. tataricum (vzorec k-62 iz Kanade) ‒ 4,4 % in F. cymosum (k-4231 iz Indije) ‒ 4,1 %. Vsebnost rutina v luščinah navadne ajde je znašala od 0,08 do 0,20 %. Največja količina rutina je bila določena v luščinah Ussurochka (35,7 kg/ha) in najmanjša (17,8 kg/ha) v luščinah Pri 7. Študije kažejo, da je vsebnost pepela, pridobljenega po upopelnjenju luščin F. esculentum (600°C), v povprečju 2 %. V pepelu so bili določeni naslednji elementi: kalij, natrij, baker, srebro, kalcij, magnezij, cink, aluminij, mangan, železo, nikelj, krom, fosfor, njihova koncentracija pa je odvisna od sorte in rastlinskega dela vrste F. esculentum.
 Ključne besede: Fagopyrum esculentum, F. tataricum, F. cymosum, nadzemna masa, luščine, rutin
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".