Spatiotemporal Variations of Mesoscale Eddies in the Southeast Indian Ocean
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Strong eddy activities exist in the Leeuwin Current (LC) and the South Indian Countercurrent (SICC) systems. Through a detailed investigation based on satellite observations, we find a cyclonic preference for eddies with more frequent genesis, longer lifespan, smaller size and stronger intensity in both systems. The evolutions of amplitudes, radii and total vorticities of eddies can be classified as the generation, stable, and decay stages; however, those of the EKE and relative vorticities lack the stable stage, due to planetary vorticity changes related to the meridional deflections, as eddies drift westward. Eddy properties exhibit significant seasonal and interannual variations. In the LC system, more and stronger eddies tend to be generated in winter and in La Niña years; while in the SICC system, eddy properties generally reach their peaks in spring and in years when the negative Southern Annular Mode (SAM) occurs. And eddy intensities in the SICC system are also modulated by ENSO with about a one‐year phase lag. Through instability analysis, we find that baroclinic instability is the most dominant contributor to the development of eddies. By contrast, barotropic instability mainly acts to dampen eddies. Advection of EKE makes almost no net contribution when spatially averaged, although it is locally significant. Pressure work and dissipation may be nonnegligible EKE sinks in the LC system. The EKE variations in these two systems have close connections through the westward‐propagating baroclinic instability anomalies, which may explain the phase lags between these two systems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".