Effect of Upper Tropospheric Vertical Thermal Contrast Over the Mediterranean Region on Convection over the Western Tibetan Plateau during ENSO Years
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Using the National Centers for Environmental Prediction–Department of Energy Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project 2 daily reanalysis datasets, the present study reveals that an upper tropospheric vertical thermal contrast (VTC) exists between pressure levels at 100 and 250 hPa over the Mediterranean region (MR) during the midsummer monsoon. An increase and decrease in the tropospheric temperature (TT) at the 100 and 250 hPa levels respectively, are found to be centred over the MR during El Niño years. The former is characterized by an anticyclonic circulation in the wind shear and the latter by a cyclonic circulation. The opposite pattern is exhibited during La Niña years. It is shown that the MR VTC remotely affects convection over the western Tibetan Plateau (WTP) by inducing favourable temperature, circulation patterns, and ascending (descending) winds on the upper vertical levels of the WTP during El Niño (La Niña) years. This effect has been further substantiated by a careful causality analysis with a new causal inference technique, which identifies a dominant causality from the MR VTC to the WTP longwave fluxes through the top of the atmosphere.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".