Mechanogeometry of nanowrinkling in cholesteric liquid crystal surfaces
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Biological plywoods are multifunctional fibrous composites materials, ubiquitous in nature. The chiral fibrous organization is found in chitin (insects), cellulosics (plants), and collagen I (cornea and bone of mammals) and is a solid analog of that of cholesteric liquid crystals. The surface and interfaces of plywoods are distinguished by hierarchical topographies and nanowrinkling. In this paper, we present a theory to model the emergence of these surfaces and interfaces using liquid crystal-based shape equations that directly connect material properties with geometric wrinkling. The model applies to liquid crystal precursors of the plywood solid analoges. We focus on wrinkling geometry, wrinkling mechanics, and the mechanogeometry relationships that underlie multifunctionality ubiquitous in biological surfaces. Scaling wrinkling laws that connect mechanical pressures and stresses to folding and bending are formulated and quantified. A synthesis of the connections between mechanics and geometry is achieved using the topology of stress curves and curvature of the wrinkles. Taken together the results show that anchoring is a versatile surface morphing mechanism with a rich surface bending stress field, two ingredients behind many potential multifunctionalities.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".