Development of a Clark Microsensor for Low Concentration Dissolved Oxygen Monitoring
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper reports on a geometrically optimized implantable three-electrode Clark microsensor for measuring dissolved oxygen concentration. The sensor is based on a conventional concentric three electrode structure. In order to maximize the current between the working and counter electrode, sensor structures with different reference electrode sizes and shapes are simulated. Results show that the highest current is achieved for a half crescent electrode with a surface area half of the conventional full crescent reference electrode. The optimized microsensor structure is fabricated using silicon-based microtechnology. Electrochemical measurements performed with the sensor show that the sensor responds to different concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO2). A measured current of 0.87 µA between working and counter electrodes is reported for 96% of DO2 concentrations. The sensor shows a sensitivity of −0.0094 μA/%DO2 and an accuracy of 1.98% DO2 in measurement. A measurable output current at 2% DO2 of the microsensor demonstrates that the microsensor can have potential for low DO2 concentration measurement.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".