Formulation of a more realistic quantum equation for rectifying the hidden flaws in Planck's black body equation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A thorough investigation of the Planck's black-body radiation reveals several potential flaws. It is found that Planck's final formula suffers from a serious dimensional discrepancy. While it relates to the spectral energy density of the black body radiation, the measured experimental data correspond to the spectral power density. It is shown that Planck's final formula is better written, <mml:math display="inline"> <mml:mi>P</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mi>ν</mml:mi> </mml:math> where <mml:math display="inline"> <mml:mi>P</mml:mi> </mml:math> is power with units <mml:math display="inline"> <mml:mfenced open="[" close="]" separators="|"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>J</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfenced> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mo> </mml:mo> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> </mml:math> is the quantum of energy with units <mml:math display="inline"> <mml:mfenced open="[" close="]" separators="|"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>J</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfenced> </mml:math> (numerically equals to Planck's constant, <mml:math display="inline"> <mml:mi>h</mml:mi> </mml:math> ), and <mml:math display="inline"> <mml:mi>ν</mml:mi> </mml:math> is the frequency of the quantum oscillator with units <mml:math display="inline"> <mml:mfenced open="[" close="]" separators="|"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>s</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfenced> </mml:math> . It is shown that a simple modification in the Planck's black-body radiation formula brought about by replacing “ <mml:math display="inline"> <mml:mi>h</mml:mi> </mml:math> ” by “ <mml:math display="inline"> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> </mml:math> ” in it could make it absolutely free from any flaws and discrepancies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".