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Record W3040509635 · doi:10.4212/cjhp.v73i3.2998

Prescribing Patterns and Patient Outcomes for Bone and Joint Infections Treated with Cefazolin and Probenecid: A Retrospective Observational Study

2020· article· en· W3040509635 on OpenAlexaffvenue
Marci E Dearing, Sarah Burgess, Valerie Murphy, Samuel Campbell, Lynn Johnston, Tasha Ramsey

Bibliographic record

VenueThe Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy · 2020
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldMedicine
TopicOrthopedic Infections and Treatments
Canadian institutionsDalhousie UniversityNova Scotia Health Authority
Fundersnot available
KeywordsProbenecidCefazolinMedicineRetrospective cohort studyContext (archaeology)SurgeryInternal medicineAntibioticsIntensive care medicine

Abstract

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ABSTRACTBackground: Previous studies have described the use of cefazolin with probenecid to treat uncomplicated skin and soft-tissue infections. Some prescribers are extrapolating from this evidence to treat more invasive infections, which have a greater potential for poor outcomes, including treatment failure that could lead to increased morbidity and mortality. Information supporting cefazolin with probenecid as effective treatment in this context is needed.Objectives: To describe prescribing patterns and outcomes for patients who received cefazolin with probenecid for the treatment of bone and joint infections.Methods: This single-centre retrospective study involved adult outpatients for whom cefazolin and probenecid were prescribed for bone and joint infections between April 1, 2012, and March 31, 2017. Patient charts were reviewed, and data were collected for clinical and microbiological variables using a standardized data collection form.Results: In a total of 80 cases, the patient received cefazolin and probenecid for treatment of a bone or joint infection, of which 69 cases met the inclusion criteria. In most cases (n = 67), the patients were treated with cefazolin 2 g IV plus probenecid 1 g PO, both given twice daily. Completion of prescribed treatment occurred in 56 patient cases (81%), resolution of signs and symptoms in 53 (77%), readmission to hospital in 11 (16%), recurrence of infection in 6 (9%), and treatment failure requiring a change in therapy in 7 (10%).Conclusions: The effectiveness of cefazolin and probenecid for the treatment of bone and joint infections appears to be similar to that of standard treatment, as reported in the literature. Antibiotic effectiveness is difficult to determine conclusively in a retrospective analysis, so these results should be interpreted with caution, but they may stimulate further research.RÉSUMÉContexte : Des études précédentes ont décrit l’utilisation de la céfazoline et du probénécide pour traiter les infections cutanées et les infections de tissus mous. Quelques prescripteurs extrapolent ces éléments probants pour traiter des infections plus invasives, dont les résultats risquent d’être défavorables, comme un échec du traitement pouvant entraîner une morbidité et une mortalité accrues. De l’information supplémentaire étayant l’efficacité du traitement à l’aide de la céfazoline et du probénécide dans ce contexte est nécessaire.Objectifs : Décrire les modes de prescription et les résultats obtenus par des patients ayant reçu de la céfazoline et du probénécide pour traiter des infections osseuses et articulaires.Méthodes : Cette étude rétrospective unicentrique porte sur des patients ambulatoires adultes à qui on a prescrit de la céfazoline et du probénécide pour traiter des infections osseuses et articulaires entre le 1er avril 2012 et le 31 mars 2017. L’examen des dossiers médicaux des patients a permis la récolte de données sur les variables cliniques et microbiologiques à l’aide d’un formulaire de recueil de données standard.Résultats : Les patients, soit 80 cas en tout, ont reçu de la céfazoline et du probénécide pour traiter une infection osseuse ou articulaire et 69 de ces cas répondaient aux critères d’inclusion. Dans la plupart des cas (n = 67), les patients étaient traités avec de la céfazoline IV dosée à 2 g et du probénécide dosé à 1 g PO, les deux produits étant administrés deux fois par jour. Le traitement a été appliqué au complet dans 56 cas (81 %), la résolution des signes et des symptômes a eu lieu dans 53 cas (77 %), la réadmission à l’hôpital s’est produite dans 11 cas (16 %), les infections ont récidivé dans 6 cas (9 %) et le traitement s’est soldé par un échec et a nécessité un changement de thérapie dans 7 cas (10 %).Conclusions : L’efficacité de la céfazoline et du probénécide dans le traitement des infections osseuses et articulaires semble être similaire à celle des traitements standard, comme le rapporte la littérature scientifique. L’efficacité des antibiotiques est difficile à déterminer de façon concluante dans une analyse rétrospective, ces résultats doivent donc être interprétés avec prudence, mais ils pourraient stimuler des recherches supplémentaires.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.005
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.007
Threshold uncertainty score0.014

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.005
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.001
Bibliometrics0.0020.003
Science and technology studies0.0010.000
Scholarly communication0.0010.001
Open science0.0010.001
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.056
GPT teacher head0.291
Teacher spread0.234 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations1
Published2020
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

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