Comparing the effect of cold and warm stimulation of Hoku point on pain Caused by Removal of External Fixators pin in patients with hand fractures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: One of the most common complaints in patients during the pin is removed from the metacarpal bone fracture is pain.Topical warm and cold therapy have effects on the skin so that it can relieve pain.On the other hand, according to traditional Chinese medicine, the Hoku point is the most crucial pain point in the body.This study aimed to compare the effect of cold and warm stimulation of Hoku point on pain Caused by Removal of External Fixators pin in patients with hand fractures.Methods: This randomized clinical trial study was performed on 109 patients with metacarpal finger fracture with an external pin referring to the emergency department of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan in 2019.Patients were divided into three groups through block randomization: Huko point massage with ice, Huko lead massage with a warm compress and routine care.The Hoku point massage was done for 10 minutes before the pin was removed.Patients' pain severity was measured by the McGill pain questionnaire immediately after removing the pin in all three groups.Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA. Results:The mean total pain score in the Huko point stimulation group with a warm compress, ice, and routine care was 65/33 ± 1/50, 31/21 ± 5/21, and 42/30 ± 4/93, respectively.The results of one-way ANOVA showed a significant difference in terms of overall pain between the three groups (P < 0.001).Post hoc test showed that the mean score of all pain and its dimensions were significantly lower in the coldstimulated Hoku point group than in the other two groups and in the Hokustimulated point-warm group considerably lower than the control group (P < 0.001).Conclusions: Cold-stimulated Hoku point stimulation significantly attenuated pain due to external pin removal in patients with fractures compared to Hoku-stimulated point-warm or routine care.Therefore, considering the cheapness, applicability, and safety of this method, it is recommended to plan nurses' training in applying alternative medicine approaches, including stimulation of Hoku point.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".