Correlation Of Lumbopelvic-hip Complex Stability To Pain In NCAA Division III Golfers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Lumbopelvic-hip complex (LPHC) stability is known to be a major contributor in injury prevention of ballistic movement. However, the literature primarily focuses on the kinematics of the hips and trunk relative to swinging sports, specifically in professional golfers. Data is sparse regarding isometric strength (ISO) and muscular endurance (ME) of the LPHC relative to pain in male and female collegiate golfers. PURPOSE: Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of LPHC isometric strength and muscular endurance to upper extremity, lower extremity, and back pain in NCAA Division III golfers. METHODS: Thirty-two NCAA Division III golfers (19.8 ± 1.3 yrs.; 70.0 ± 11.1 kg.; 173.4 ± 11.1 cm) volunteered to participate. Thirteen were female, and nineteen were male. A health history questionnaire was used to establish current pain or stiffness within each athlete. Bilateral internal and external rotation ISO, as well as adduction and abduction ISO, was measured using a handheld dynamometer. Two trials were conducted for each variable, and the mean was used for statistical analysis. Additionally, ME of the anterior and posterior trunk was measured using the trunk flexor endurance and trunk extensor endurance tests of the standardized Mcgill’s Torso Muscular Endurance Test Battery. A Pearson product-moment correlation was run to determine relationships between ISO and ME to current pain. RESULTS: A statistically significant, negative correlation was found between lead hip internal rotation ISO, relative to the golf stance, and current pain (r = -.369, n = 32, p = .038). Of the 14 reported cases of pain, 11 instances were localized to the back and hips. No other statistically significant correlations were established between current pain and ME or ISO of bilateral external rotation, abduction, adduction, and internal rotation of the back hip. CONCLUSION: Deficient internal rotation isometric strength of the lead hip could be considered a risk factor for hip and back pain in collegiate golfers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".