The taxonomy, status and origin of <i>Isoetes</i> × <i>brochonii</i> and <i>I. creussensis</i> (Isoetaceae), two Pyrenean endemic taxa
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Isoetes brochonii has possibly been subject to more taxonomic designations over the last century than any other European quillwort and most commonly has been put into synonymy with the widespread I. lacustris. Investigations of herbarium and living material in the present study, however, indicate it to be a sterile (aborted spored) hybrid, I. ×brochonii (pro sp.), confined to high elevation lakes of the Pyrenees mountains in France, Spain and Andorra. This represents the first uniquely European Isoetes hybrid to be described. Putative parents are diploid I. echinospora and dodecaploid I. creussensis, probably a hybridogenic Pyrenean endemic. The speciation of I. creussensis may well have occurred in Pyrenean refugia during Quaternary glacial-interglacial fluctuations. We found no convincing evidence for the occurrences of decaploid I. lacustris in the Pyrenees where it appears to have been confused with I. creussensis. A comparative table of the distinguishing morphological characteristics of I. creussensis and I. lacustris is provided, with megaspore ornamentation and microspore size indicated as being particularly important indicators.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".