The penetration of Labrador Slope Water to Cape Hatteras and its role in Gulf Stream Dynamics
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Labrador Slope Water is known to exist in the Slope Sea off the US eastern shelf as a relatively fresh and cool water mass deriving from the Labrador Current further north, and is present between the upper layer US shelf-derived water masses and the deeper Deep Western Boundary current waters, typically near 400-600m. This LSLW is investigated in the EN4 database and shown to penetrate as far south as Cape Hatteras (74-75°W), having previously only been described as far west as the Gulf of Maine (66°W). We then examine, using both EN4 and Line W observations, the changes of this water mass between 2005-2008, when the strength of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) measured by the RAPID array at 26°N, was high, and 2009-2015, when the AMOC was low. We show that in the AMOC high period, there was a larger volume of the LSSW present on the northern side of the Gulf Stream system which resulted in an increased meridional slope of the isopycnals near these depths, commensurate with increased geostrophic transport, and also in a more southerly position, of the Gulf Stream after separation at Cape Hatteras. The LSLW could therefore play an important role in decadal timescale variations in the North Atlantic climate system through its impact on the Gulf Stream and AMOC.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".