Factors Facilitating and Constraining the Inclusion of First Nations in Watershed Planning in Alberta, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Alberta’s Water for Life strategy was released by the Government of Alberta in 2003 and has since received international praise for its collaborative approach to water resource management. Water for Life supports collaborative activities with shared responsibilities and forms the framework for the management of Alberta’s water resources. This research examines the degree to which First Nations in Alberta were included in the development and implementation of Water for Life in Alberta.\nFor the purpose of this thesis not only the Water for Life strategy was analyzed but also Alberta’s Watershed Planning and Advisory Councils (WPACs) and their watershed planning processes. The WPACs were created under the Water for Life strategy with each council representing a major river basin in Alberta. WPACs are diverse and range greatly in land area and number of First Nation reserves within each watershed. Data collection consisted of manifest and latent analysis using a qualitative analysis software as well as follow up telephone interviews with WPAC watershed planners in order to receive a deeper understanding of the plan-making process.\nThe results indicate factors that facilitate the inclusion of First Nations in watershed planning. Facilitating factors include pre-existing relationships with communities as well as communicating to individuals in the community who are interested in water-related issues. The main findings from this research identified five constraining factors to the inclusion of First Nations in watershed planning in Alberta. These constraining factors include cultural connections; physical parameters; governance; human capacity; and financial limitations. \nThis research recommends multiple ways in which the current watershed planning framework in Alberta could be adapted to be more inclusive of First Nations while at the same time provide a more collaborative watershed planning model for other jurisdictions in Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.014 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.018 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".