HEAT REJECTION AVOIDANCE IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Heat rejection to a cold reservoir is inherent of thermal machines operation. One of them, the engine cycle, aims to deliver liquid power and its efficiency increases directly proportional to the hot reservoir and inversely proportional to the cold reservoir. Most of the studies for increasing engine efficiency leads to increase the hot reservoir. This research instead, instigates the discussion of a better use of energy and heat rejection avoidance on internal some combustion engines systems. It demonstrates the principle that the heat rejection improvement using liquid instead of air ran against the real objective that should have been using it better. The paper shows feasible design steps with physical, energetic and economical approach to implement an engine gas recirculation system, which uses tail pipe gases, through a supersonic Laval nozzle parallel to intake line after charge air cooler. It also purposes waste heat recovery from engine liners as heat source for a Rankine cycle. All calculus and simulations are done based on a real engine data submitted to an European Transient Cycle.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".