E-127 Clopidogrel hyper-responsiveness is associated with hemorrhagic complications post cerebrovascular stenting procedures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background Anti-platelet therapy is an important part of the treatment regimen in patients who are receiving a cerebrovascular stent, in order to reduce the incidence of thromboembolic complications. However, there is a known variation in patient response to anti-platelet medications. Theoretically, patients with decreased responsiveness may be at increased risk of ischemic complications while those with increased responsiveness may be at a heightened risk of bleeding. The objective of this investigation was to determine if patients with an increased response to clopidogrel were at an increased risk of developing post-procedural hematomas. Methods A prospective Research Ethics Board (REB) approved study was performed on consecutive patients undergoing endovascular placement of a cerebrovascular stent at the Foothills Medical Centre in Calgary, Alberta from 2019–2020. Inclusion criteria were patients over 18 years of age, and on dual anti-platelet therapy consisting of aspirin and clopidogrel for at least 3 days prior to the procedure. Platelet function testing was performed on blood samples taken before insertion of the stent using whole blood impedance aggregometry to determine the responsiveness to aspirin and clopidogrel. As per the REB protocol, treating neurointerventionalists were blinded to the aggregometry results. The primary study endpoint was the development of hemorrhagic complications during or after the procedure. Parametric and receiver operator curve analysis was used to assess for predictors of our primary outcome. Results To determine the cut-offs for ASA and clopidogrel responsiveness, whole blood aggregometry was first performed on 25 control patients who were not on anti-platelet agents. Subsequently, 50 consecutive patients undergoing cerebrovascular stenting procedures fit our inclusion criteria. 7 (14.0%) of these patients developed a hematoma either intracranially (n=1) or at the puncture site (n=6). Age, gender, smoking status, access site, or stent location were not associated with hemorrhagic complications. Based on our controls, ASA hyper-responders could not be identified using whole blood aggregometry due to the normal response being 0–1 ohms. With these cut-offs, however, 49 (98%) of our patients were responsive to aspirin. Using whole blood aggregometry on patients receiving a cerebrovascular stent, the optimal electrical impedance value was identified as <1 ohm (sensitivity 71.43%, specificity 74.42%, area under the curve 0.82) for clopidogrel hyper-responders. Of the 16 patients who had an impedance aggregometer value of 0–1 ohms for clopidogrel response, 5 (31.3%) of them developed a hematoma, while only 2 (6.7%) out of the 30 patients who had an aggregometer value of >2 ohms developed a hematoma. This association was found to be statistically significant (p=0.016). Conclusion Dual anti-platelet therapy is an important part of the treatment regimen in any patient who receives a cerebrovascular stent, but there are variations in patient response to these medications. Our study suggests that patients who have an increased response to clopidogrel may be at a higher risk of developing hemorrhagic complications. Disclosures S. Muram: None. K. Panchendrabose: None. M. Eagles: None. M. Suheel: None. A. Mitha: None.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".