Der Ellbogenqualitäts-Index (EQ) als neue Methode in der Bekämpfung der Ellbogendysplasie (ED) beim Hund : eine kritische Analyse der Methode
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ziel dieser Arbeit ist die qualitative Überprüfung der Messmethode von Mues und Beuing zur Bestimmung der Ellbogenqualität (EQ-Index) im Rahmen der Ellbogendysplasie (ED) beim Hund. Beim EQ-Index handelt es sich um einen Selektionsindex, welcher aus vier Ellbogengelenkswinkeln konstruiert wird und den Genotyp für das ererbte Arthroserisiko umschreibt. Die Überprüfung erfolgte an Ellbogen-Röntgenbildern mit ED-Gutachten folgender drei Hunderassen: Golden Retriever (GR), Labrador Retriever (LR) und Deutscher Schäferhund. Methodik und Einflüsse auf die Winkelvermessungstechnik am Ellbogen wurden anhand folgender Parameter geprüft: Bildqualität der Röntgenbilder, ED-Grad, Ellbogenprojektion, Gelenks-Messpunkte und Wiederholbarkeiten. Zusammenhänge zwischen ED-Grad und EQ-Index wurde anhand der drei Hunderassen mittels ED-Status, genetischer Analysen und Gelenkswinkelmessungen überprüft. Zur exakten Bestimmung des EQ-Index sollten nur qualitativ gute Röntgenbilder benutzt werden. Die Winkelmessungen und der EQ-Index werden durch arthrotische Zubildungen, unterschiedliche Ellbogenprojektionen, Haltung der Gliedmasse und Verschiebung der Messpunkte im Gelenk beeinflusst. Messwiederholungen zeigen bei den Gelenkswinkeln eine gute und beim EQ-Index eine genügende Korrelation. Beim LR und GR ist die Heritabilität des EQ-Index fast doppelt so hoch wie bei der ED. Die optimierten EQ-Indizes zeigen beim LR und GR mit – 0,55 eine bessere Korrelation zum ED-Genotyp als das ED-Gutachten mit 0,36. Elbow quality-index (EQ) as a new method in the control of elbow dysplasia (ED) in dogs – a critical analysis of the method The purpose of this study is the qualitative verification of the measurement method for the determination of the elbow quality (EQ-Index), developed by Mues and Beuing, in the context of the elbow dysplasia (ED) in the dog. The EQ-Index is a selection-index constructed by four angles of the elbow joint and it characterizes the genotype for the inherited development of arthrosis. The verification was performed on the basis of the ED certified elbow radiographs of the following breeds: Golden Retriever (GR), Labrador Retriever (LR) and German Shepherd Dog. The method and the influences on the technique of the elbow angle measurement were verified by the following parameters: quality of the radiographs, ED status (grade), elbow projection, measuring points and the reproducibility. The correlation between ED-grade and EQ-Index in the three breeds was investigated by ED status, genetic analysis and joint angle measurements. Only radiographs of good quality should be used for a precise determination of the EQ-index. The angle measurements and the EQ-index are affected by arthrosis (osteophyte formation), different elbow projections, positioning of the limb and displacement of the measuring points within the joint. The reproducibility for the angle measurements is good and for the EQ- index sufficient. The heritability of the EQ-index is almost twice as much the ED-grade. For LR and GR optimized EQ-indeces show a better correlation (- 0,55) to the ED genotype than the ED-grade (0,36).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".