Experimental study of single slope solar still coupled with parabolic trough collector
Bibliographic record
Abstract
After a comprehensive review, it was found that very few research has been conducted on single slope solar still coupled with parabolic trough collector. In this research article, the behavior of parabolic trough collector integrated solar still was experimentally evaluated. An experimental study dealing with the energy analysis of a single slope solar still coupled with a parabolic trough collector was investigated for three different brine depths (5 cm, 10 cm and 15 cm) and results are presented. Three different brine depths of 5 cm, 10 cm and 15 cm water level were configured for flow rates of 4.1 l/m2, 3.645 l/m2 and 3.2 l/m2, respectively and daily productivity was investigated. The energy analysis includes annual energy output, energy payback period, CO2 mitigation, and embodied energy. It was observed that the annual energy output, energy payback time and CO2 mitigation decrease with increasing water depth while a reduction in water level from 15 cm to 5 cm showed an increased in daily energy yield of 22%. The embodied energy of the experimental setup is estimated at 856.72 kWh, and 5 cm of water depth resulted in the highest range of carbon credit earned (₹10,169.86–₹40,679.44). Energy and economic analysis were also conducted for parabolic trough collector integrated solar still to evaluate the viability of the developed system. The payback period of the setup was found to be 246 days, 253 days, and 341 days at 5 cm, 10 cm and 15 cm water level, respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".