Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis detection and referral trends: impact treatment options
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cross-sectional study. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the patient demographic referred for scoliosis to the Hospital for Sick Children to determine the proportion of patients suitable for brace treatment, as per the Scoliosis Research Society guidelines. There is level 1 evidence that bracing in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) decreases the risk of curve progression and need for surgery, but optimal brace treatment requires early curve detection. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of 618 consecutive patients who underwent initial assessment in our Spine Clinic between Jan. 1 and Dec. 31, 2014. We included children 10-18 years, with scoliosis greater than 10°, excluding those diagnosed with non-idiopathic curves. Primary outcomes were Cobb angle, menarchal status, and Risser score. We analyzed the effect of specific referral variables (family history, the person who first noticed the curve, and geographic location of residence) on presenting curve magnitude. RESULTS: During the study period, 335 children met the inclusion criteria, with an average age of 14.1 ± 1.8 years and a mean Cobb angle of 36.8 ± 14.5°. Brace treatment was indicated in 17% of patients; 18% had curves beyond optimal curve range for bracing (> 40°), and 55% were skeletally mature, therefore not brace candidates. The majority of curves (54%) were first detected by the patient or family member and averaged 7° more than curves first detected by a physician. A family history of scoliosis made no difference to curve magnitude, nor did geographic location of residence. CONCLUSION: The majority of AIS patients present too late for effective management with bracing. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it