A Pilot Study of Instrumented Unbonded Concrete Overlay in Toronto
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Unbonded concrete overlays provide structural rehabilitation and can be cost effective when the existing pavements are highly distressed and/or removal of existing pavement layers is not desirable. This paper describes a pilot study, which involves a three way partnership between the University of Waterloo, the Cement Association of Canada and the City of Toronto, to evaluate and document the performance of the first instrumented unbonded concrete overlay in Canada. The rehabilitation area is located at a heavily-trafficked intersection on Bloor Street and Aukland Road in the City of Toronto. The large volumes of bus traffic from the nearby subway station caused significant damage to the pavement structure. The rehabilitation design was composed of placing an unbonded concrete overlay on Bloor Street and replacing the section on Aukland Road with full depth exposed concrete. Twelve strain gauges are embedded in the concrete layer and they are strategically located along the wheel paths of the buses. The sensors are being monitored to assess long-term performance of the concrete overlay and the full depth concrete subjected to traffic and climatic loads. This paper outlines the design parameters, site conditions, and material properties of the overlay. The construction and full-scale instrumentation of this project are described, followed by preliminary analyses of up-to-date performance records.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".