Combined Multimodal Cerebral Monitoring and Focused Hemodynamic Assessment in the First 72 h in Extremely Low Gestational Age Infants
Bibliographic record
Abstract
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Characteristic changes in cerebral saturation (CrSO<sub>2</sub>), amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG), and echocardiography (ECHO) may be associated with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH); however, the feasibility of their combined application is not known. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim of this work was to investigate the feasibility and safety of combined multimodal cerebral and hemodynamic monitoring in extremely low gestational age (ELGA) infants in the first 72 h after birth. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In this prospective observational study of 50 infants born between 23 + 0 and 27 + 6 weeks gestation, we measured CrSO<sub>2</sub> and aEEG, starting &#x3c;8 h until 72 h of age. Sequential echocardiography and head ultrasound were performed at 4–8, 12–18, 24–30, and 48–60 h of age. The primary outcome was feasibility of multimodal monitoring, defined as &#x3e;75% of the subjects satisfying at least 3/4 criteria: (a) CrSO<sub>2</sub> and (b) aEEG monitoring each for &#x3e;75% of the time, and (c) at least 2 out of 4 ECHO and (d) head ultrasounds (at least one by age 24 h). Adverse reactions to sensors, desaturation, and bradycardia during ultrasound studies were recorded. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Fifty infants were enrolled over 14 months. Multimodal monitoring was feasible in 49 (98%) infants. Forty-one (82%) infants fulfilled all 4 criteria. Mild erythema below CrSO<sub>2</sub> sensors lasting 3–8 h without skin breakdown was noted in 8/50 subjects (16%). Desaturation was noted during 17/197 (8.6%) of the ultrasound studies. In total, 26/50 (52%) infants developed IVH (grade I/II, <i>n</i> = 22; grade III/IV, <i>n</i> = 4). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Multimodal monitoring is feasible, safe, and well tolerated in ELGA infants in the first 72 h after birth.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".