Neural Correlates of Adolescent Mindfulness, Working Memory, and Internalizing Symptoms
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The central aim of this thesis was to investigate behavioural and neural associations between dispositional mindfulness, working memory, and internalizing symptoms in adolescents. One hundred and thirty-one adolescents, aged 11-18 (M = 13.76, SD = 1.65), who had a parent with a history of mood or anxiety disorders completed measures of dispositional mindfulness, internalizing symptoms, and working memory, including a functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) N-Back task. Hierarchal regressions and correlation analyses were performed. The blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal was contrasted between 2-back versus 0-back conditions and a small volume correction was computed in the dorsolateral and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC, vlPFC) and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Controlling for neuroticism, sex, and mindfulness experience, higher adolescent dispositional mindfulness, including higher self-acceptance and the interaction between attention and awareness and nonreactivity, related to fewer internalizing symptoms. Endorsement of attention and awareness was associated with better 2-back efficiency, except when controlling for mindfulness experience. Internalizing symptoms related to slower reaction time, controlling for sex. Significantly less BOLD signal in the right vlPFC was observed in adolescents with higher attention and awareness scores when controlling for mindfulness experience. Self-acceptance and nonreactive observing (attention and awareness x nonreactivity) may be unique components of mindfulness that have implications for adolescent internalizing symptoms. Adolescents with higher attention and awareness may require less cognitive effort when performing working memory tasks. Learning to be mindful on a daily basis may be beneficial for adolescent cognition and emotional well-being.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".