The anatomy of the dermatocranium and mandible of <i>Cacops aspidephorus</i> Williston, 1910 (Temnospondyli: Dissorophidae), from the Lower Permian of Texas
Bibliographic record
Abstract
For the first time, the cranial suture pattern for the type species of Cacops, C. aspidephorus, is described in detail. A majority of sutures, including the lower jaw, the skull roof, and the palate, are now known in detail, although details are still lacking for the posterior skull table. Notable new information about C. aspidephorus includes the presence of a lateral exposure of the palatine (LEP), a lateral exposure of the ectopterygoid (LEE) that fuses with the jugal with growth, and a subtympanic flange composed mostly of the supratemporal. Cacops aspidephorus is very similar to C. morrisi, but differences, including a fully closed otic notch in C. aspidephorus, are sufficient to maintain both as distinct species. Uniquely, C. aspidephorus shows palatal dentition of the same size as the marginal dentition, but it remains to be seen whether this is a widespread feature or ontogenetically transient. These new data will finally permit the inclusion of this iconic taxon, described over 100 years ago, into larger-scale phylogenies of dissorophoid and temnospondyl relationships.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".