ELR interacts with sobir1 to mount defense responses against phytophthora infestans in potato
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Late blight, caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans, is the most threatening disease of potato. So far, plant breeding for late blight resistance has been focused on the introduction of cytoplasmic NLR resistance (R) genes. However, any introduced R-gene has been defeated by the pathogen rather quickly, indicating that alternative resistance mechanisms should be studied. Recently, the receptor-like protein ELR was identified in a wild potato species, Solanum microdontum (Sm). ELR confers response to elicitins, a highly conserved family of secreted effectors of Phytophthora and Pythium. It has been shown that upon INF1 elicitation, ELR forms an inducible complex with the receptor-like kinase (RLK) SERK3. In order to study whether ELR associates with potato SOBIR1, another RLK involved in immunity, co-immunoprecipitation studies were performed. We found that ELR is indeed forming a constitutive complex with SmSOBIR1. Moreover, SmSOBIR1 seems to have a stabilizing effect on ELR, leading to a higher accumulation of the receptor. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) studies of SOBIR1 homologues in Nicotiana benthamiana resulted in a compromised response to INF1 of P. infestans. This response could be complemented by expressing a synthetic version of SmSOBIR1 that is not targeted by VIGS. Additionally, the same NbSOBIR1-silenced plants were more susceptible to a number of P. infestans isolates. This indicates that SOBIR1 plays an important role in plant defense against P. infestans, as shown for other pathogens. Further studies aim to demonstrate whether ELR physically associates with INF1 in a direct or indirect fashion.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".