Fast Charging All Solid‐State Lithium Batteries Enabled by Rational Design of Dual Vertically‐Aligned Electrodes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The slow charging limitations of all‐solid‐state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) have significantly limited their practical application. Thus, significant improvement of the rate performance and development of fast charging ASSLBs is crucial for the commercialization of these systems. However, poor Li + transport kinetics and Li dendrite formation under high charging current densities have inhibited their capabilities. To tackle these issues, the design of dual vertically‐aligned electrodes (DVAEs) is proposed to accelerate Li + transport and suppress Li dendrite formation. At the anode side, the vertically‐aligned Li (VA‐Li) anode with lithiophilic micro‐walls enables lateral growth of Li deposits rather than perpendicular to the electrode surface, thus preventing dendrite penetration through the separator. In addition, the 3D vertically‐aligned structure in both VA‐Li and vertically‐aligned‐LiFePO 4 (VA‐LFP) enables enhanced Li + transport due to lower tortuosity and faster Li + transport kinetics. Benefitting from the rational design, VA‐Li symmetric cells can operate for 300 h at a current density/capacity of 3 mA cm −2 /3 mAh cm −2 , while short‐circuiting is observed after 87 h for bare Li cycled at only 0.5 mA cm −2 (capacity: 0.5 mAh cm −2 ). Moreover, a fast‐charging ASSLBs assembled with DVAEs demonstrates a high capacity of 89.4 mAh g −1 after 2000 cycles at 4C.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".