Short‐term legacy effects of feedlot manure application on soil mesofauna
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Little research exists on short‐term legacy effects of feedlot manure application on soil mesofauna. This long‐term (since 1998) study was on an irrigated clay loam soil in southern Alberta cropped to barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.). We sampled the soil 3–4 yr (2017–2018) into the legacy period following 17 annual manure applications (1998–2014). The selected treatments sampled were stockpiled feedlot manure containing straw bedding applied at 0, 13, 39, and 77 Mg ha −1 (dry wt.). Intact soil cores were taken at three depth intervals (0–3, 3–6, and 6–9 cm) in the fall over 2 yr to determine the densities of Acari (mites) suborders and Collembola (springtails) families. Significant ( P ≤ .05) application rate effects occurred on Oribatida and Astigmata after 3 yr (but not after 4 yr) into the legacy phase, whereas Prostigmata were unaffected. Densities of Astigmata after 3 yr were 3.2‐ to 4.1‐fold greater at the 77 Mg ha −1 rate compared with three lower rates. Significant application rate effects occurred on Entomobryidae, Isotomidae, and Onychiuridae after 4 yr (but not after 3 yr), with no treatment effects on Neelidae. Densities of mesofauna were generally greater at higher than at lower rates, except for Entomobryidae in 2018, where the reverse trend occurred. Significant application rate effects were attributed to lower soil bulk density and greater volumetric soil water content and soil organic carbon. Therefore, legacy effects of feedlot manure application generally persisted on soil mesofauna 3–4 yr into the legacy phase but depended on mesofauna type, year, and depth.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".