Association and Familial Coaggregation of Idiopathic Dystonia With Psychiatric Outcomes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Psychiatric comorbidities are common and major determinants of quality of life in idiopathic dystonia. Their prevalence estimates from service-based studies are heterogeneous. OBJECTIVE: We explored the association between idiopathic dystonia and depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, suicide attempts, and death by suicide using Swedish population-based registers. METHODS: Diagnoses of idiopathic dystonia and psychiatric outcomes from inpatient and outpatient specialist services (1997-2013) were collected from the National Patient Register and the Cause of Death Register. Familial associations were explored using the Multi-Generation Register. Adjusted logistic regression analyses measured associations with psychiatric disorders in individuals with dystonia compared with general population individuals and their unaffected siblings, as well as in full siblings of individuals with dystonia compared with full siblings of unaffected individuals. RESULTS: Individuals with dystonia were more likely than those without to have a diagnosis of depressive disorder (adjusted odds ratio = 2.00, 95% confidence interval: 1.77-2.26), anxiety disorder (adjusted odds ratio = 2.13, 95% confidence interval: 1.90-2.39), and suicide attempts/death by suicide combined (adjusted odds ratio = 1.80, 95% confidence interval: 1.50-2.17), with odds higher in most idiopathic dystonia forms. In the full sibling comparison, estimates followed the same pattern, with overall attenuated magnitude. Full siblings of individuals with dystonia had higher likelihood of depressive or anxiety disorders and suicide attempts/death by suicide combined compared with siblings of individuals without dystonia. CONCLUSIONS: Different forms of idiopathic dystonia confirm its association with increased risk for depressive and anxiety disorders and suicide attempts. Familial coaggregation of dystonia and these psychiatric comorbidities supports shared genetic and extragenetic factors. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".