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Genetic correlations and genome-wide associations of cortical structure in general population samples of 22,824 adults
Edith Hofer, Gennady V. Roshchupkin, Hieab H.H. Adams, Maria J. Knol, Honghuang Lin, Shuo Li, Habil Zare, Shahzad Ahmad, Nicola J. Armstrong, Claudia L. Satizábal, Manon Bernard, Joshua C. Bis, Nathan A. Gillespie, Michelle Luciano, Aniket Mishra, Markus Scholz, Alexander Teumer, Rui Xia, Xueqiu Jian, Thomas H. Mosley, Yasaman Saba, Lukas Pirpamer, Stephan Seiler, James T. Becker, Owen Carmichael, Jerome I. Rotter, Bruce M. Psaty, Oscar L. Lopez, Najaf Amin, Sven J. van der Lee, Qiong Yang, Jayandra J. Himali, Pauline Maillard, Alexa Beiser, Charles DeCarli, Sherif Karama, Lindsay B. Lewis, Mathew A. Harris, Mark E. Bastin, Ian J. Deary, A. Veronica Witte, Frauke Beyer, Markus Loeffler, Karen A. Mather, Peter R. Schofield, Anbupalam Thalamuthu, John B. Kwok, Margaret J. Wright, David Ames, Julian N. Trollor, Jiyang Jiang, Henry Brodaty, Wei Wen, Meike W. Vernooij, Albert Hofman, André G. Uitterlinden, Wiro J. Niessen, Katharina Wittfeld, Robin Bülow, Uwe Völker, Zdenka Pausová, G. Bruce Pike, Sophie Maingault, Fabrice Crivello, Christophe Tzourio, Philippe Amouyel, Bernard Mazoyer, Michael C. Neale, Carol E. Franz, Michael J. Lyons, Matthew S. Panizzon, Ole A. Andreassen, Anders M. Dale, Mark W. Logue, Katrina L. Grasby, Neda Jahanshad, Jodie N. Painter, Lucía Colodro‐Conde, Janita Bralten, Derrek P. Hibar, Penelope A. Lind, Fabrizio Pizzagalli, Jason L. Stein, Paul M. Thompson, Sarah E. Medland, Derrek P. Hibar, Christopher R. K. Ching, Mary McMahon, Natalia Shatokhina, Leo Zsembik, Ingrid Agartz, Saud Alhusaini, Marcio A. A. Almeida, Dag Alnæs, Inge K. Amlien, Micael Andersson, Tyler Ard, Allison E. Ashley‐Koch, Rachel M. Brouwer, Elizabeth E.L. Buimer, Christian Bürger, Dara M. Cannon, M. Mallar Chakravarty, Qiang Chen, Joshua W. Cheung, Baptiste Couvy‐Duchesne, Shareefa Dalvie, Tânia Kawasaki de Araujo, Greig I. de Zubicaray, Sonja M. C. de Zwarte, Anouk den Braber, Nhat Trung Doan, Katharina Dohm, Stefan Ehrlich, Hannah-Ruth Engelbrecht, Susanne Erk, Chun Chieh Fan, Iryna O. Fedko, Sonya Foley, Judith M Ford, Masaki Fukunaga, Melanie E. Garrett, Tian Ge, Sudheer Giddaluru, Aaron L. Goldman, Nynke A. Groenewold, Dominik Grotegerd, Tiril P. Gurholt, Boris A. Gutman, Narelle K. Hansell, Marc Harrison, Courtney C. Haswell, Michael A. Hauser, Stefan Herms, Dirk J. Heslenfeld, New Fei Ho, David Hoehn, Per Hoffmann, Laurena Holleran, Martine Hoogman, Jouke‐Jan Hottenga, Masashi Ikeda, Deborah Janowitz, Iris E. Jansen, Tianye Jia, Christiane Jockwitz, Ryota Kanai, Dalia Kasperavičiūtė, Tobias Kaufmann, Sinéad Kelly, Masataka Kikuchi, Marieke Klein, Michael Knapp, Annchen R. Knodt, Bernd Krämer, Max Lam, T. Lancaster, Phil Hyu Lee, Tristram A. Lett, Íscia Lopes‐Cendes, Fabìo Macciardi, André F. Marquand, Samuel R. Mathias, Tracy R. Melzer, Yuri Milaneschi, Nazanin Mirza‐Schreiber, José Carlos Vasques Moreira, Thomas W. Mühleisen, Bertram Müller-Myhsok, Pablo Najt, Soichiro Nakahara, Kwangsik Nho, Loes M. Olde Loohuis, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, John F. Pearson, Toni L. Pitcher, Benno Pütz, Anjanibhargavi Ragothaman, Faisal Rashid, Ronny Redlich, Céline S. Reinbold, Jonathan Repple, Geneviève Richard, Brandalyn C. Riedel, Shannon L. Risacher, Cristiane S. Rocha, Nina Roth Mota, Lauren E. Salminen, Arvin Saremi, Andrew J. Saykin, Fenja Schlag, Lianne Schmaal, Rodrigo Secolin, Chin Yang Shapland, Li Shen, Jean Shin, Ida E. Sønderby, Emma Sprooten, Lachlan T. Strike, Katherine E. Tansey, Sophia I. Thomopoulos, Diana Tordesillas‐Gutiérrez, Jessica A. Turner, Anne Uhlmann, Costanza L. Vallerga, Dennis van der Meer, Marjolein M. J. van Donkelaar, Liza van Eijk, Theo G.M. van Erp, Neeltje E.M. van Haren, Daan van Rooij, Marie‐José van Tol, Jan H. Veldink, Ellen Verhoef, Esther Walton, Mingyuan Wang, Yunpeng Wang, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Lars T. Westlye, Christopher D. Whelan, Stephanie H. Witt, Christiane Wolf, Thomas Wolfers, Clarissa Lin Yasuda, Dario Zaremba, Zuo Zhang, Alyssa H. Zhu, Marcel P. Zwiers, Éric Artiges, Amelia A. Assareh, Rosa Ayesa‐Arriola, Ayşenil Belger, Christine L. Brandt, Gregory G. Brown, Sven Cichon, Joanne E. Curran, Gareth E. Davies, Franziska Degenhardt, Bruno Dietsche, Srdjan Djurovic, Colin P. Doherty, Ryan Espiritu, Daniel Garijo, Yolanda Gil, Penny Gowland, Robert C. Green, Alexander N. Häusler, Walter Heindel, Beng‐Choon Ho, Wolfgang Hoffmann, Florian Holsboer, Georg Homuth, Norbert Hosten, Clifford R. Jack, MiHyun Jang, Andreas Jansen, Knut Kolskår, Sanne Koops, Axel Krug, Kelvin O. Lim, Jurjen J. Luykx, Daniel H. Mathalon, Venkata S. Mattay, Sarah Matthews, Sarah McEwen, Ingrid Melle, Derek W. Morris, Bryon A. Mueller, Matthias Nauck, Jan Egil Nordvik, Markus M. Nöthen, Daniel S. OʼLeary, Nils Opel, Marie‐Laure Paillère Martinot, Adrian Preda, Erin Burke Quinlan, Varun Ratnakar, Simone Reppermund, Vidar M. Steen, Fábio R. Torres, Dick J. Veltman, James T. Voyvodic, Robert Whelan, Tonya White, Hidenaga Yamamori, Marina K. M. Alvim, Tim Anderson, Alejandro Arias Vásquez, Bernhard T. Baune, John Blangero, Dorret I. Boomsma, Han G. Brunner, Randy L. Buckner, Jan K. Buitelaar, Juan Bustillo, Wiepke Cahn, Vince D. Calhoun, Xavier Caseras, Svenja Caspers, Gianpiero L. Cavalleri, Fernando Cendes, Aiden Corvin, Benedicto Crespo‐Facorro, John C. Dalrymple‐Alford, Udo Dannlowski, Eco J. C. de Geus, Norman Delanty, Chantal Depondt, Sylvane Desrivières, Gary Donohoe, Thomas Espeseth, Guillén Fernández, Simon E. Fisher, Herta Flor, Andreas J. Forstner, Clyde Francks, Barbara Franke, David C. Glahn, Randy L. Gollub, Hans J. Grabe, Oliver Gruber, Asta K. Håberg, Ahmad R. Hariri, Catharina A. Hartman, Ryota Hashimoto, Andreas Heinz, Manon H. J. Hillegers, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Avram J. Holmes, L. Elliot Hong, William D. Hopkins, Hilleke E. Hulshoff Pol, Terry L. Jernigan, Erik G. Jönsson, René S. Kahn, Martin A. Kennedy, Tilo Kircher, Peter Kochunov, John B. Kwok, Stéphanie Le Hellard, Nicholas G. Martin, Jean Luc Martinot, Colm McDonald, Katie L. McMahon, Andreas Meyer‐Lindenberg, Rajendra A. Morey, Lars Nyberg, Jaap Oosterlaan, Roel A. Ophoff, Tomáš Paus, Brenda W.J.H. Penninx, Tinca J. C. Polderman, Daniëlle Posthuma, Marcella Rietschel, Joshua L. Roffman, Laura M. Rowland, Perminder S. Sachdev, Philipp G. Sämann, Gunter Schumann, Kang Sim, Sanjay M. Sisodiya, Jordan W. Smoller, Iris E. Sommer, Beaté St Pourcain, Dan J. Stein, Arthur W. Toga, Nic J.A. van der Wee, Dennis van ‘t Ent, Henry Völzke, Henrik Walter, Bernd Weber, Daniel R. Weinberger, Juan Zhou, William S. Kremen, Arno Villringer, Cornelia M. van Duijn, W.T. Longstreth, Myriam Fornage, Stéphanie Debette, M. Arfan Ikram, Helena Schmidt, Reinhold Schmidt, Sudha Seshadri
Bibliographic record
VenueNature Communications · 2020
Typereview
Languageen
FieldBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
TopicGenetic Associations and Epidemiology
Canadian institutionsHolland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation HospitalDouglas Mental Health University InstituteMcGill UniversityUniversity of CalgaryUniversity of TorontoMontreal Neurological Institute and HospitalHospital for Sick Children
FundersNational Institute of Biomedical Imaging and BioengineeringNational Institute of Mental HealthNational Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteNational Institute on AgingAustrian Science FundBiotechnology and Biological Sciences Research CouncilNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeMedical Research CouncilCanadian Institutes of Health ResearchAgence Nationale de la RechercheNational Institutes of HealthU.S. Department of Health and Human Services
KeywordsBiobankBiologyHeritabilityGenome-wide association studyPopulationNeuroscienceEvolutionary biologyGenomeGeneticsGeneMedicineSingle-nucleotide polymorphism
Abstract
Cortical thickness, surface area and volumes vary with age and cognitive function, and in neurological and psychiatric diseases. Here we report heritability, genetic correlations and genome-wide associations of these cortical measures across the whole cortex, and in 34 anatomically predefined regions. Our discovery sample comprises 22,824 individuals from 20 cohorts within the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium and the UK Biobank. We identify genetic heterogeneity between cortical measures and brain regions, and 160 genome-wide significant associations pointing to wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β and sonic hedgehog pathways. There is enrichment for genes involved in anthropometric traits, hindbrain development, vascular and neurodegenerative disease and psychiatric conditions. These data are a rich resource for studies of the biological mechanisms behind cortical development and aging.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.002
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Review · Consensus signal: Review
Teacher disagreement score0.004
Threshold uncertainty score0.009
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.030
GPT teacher head0.335
Teacher spread0.305 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreReview
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
Quick stats
Citations108
Published2020
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes