Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper explores how photography was used by immigrants to Canada in the post-war period as a way of negotiating transnational identities, claiming spaces, and asserting presences. Through the analysis of photographs of and by Portuguese immigrants to Ontario sourced from the David Higgs fonds at the Clara Thomas Archives and Special Collections at York University, I examine the ways in which family photography functions as a ritual of citizenship and community-building. Amateur family photographs were mostly neglected by scholars of photography, deemed unimportant and of poor quality, until the 1980s. Along with the bottom-up approach from the Cultural Turn in the field of History and the rise of Visual Culture as a discipline, Photography Studies then turned to family photography and the family album as a means of uncovering both public meanings and ideologies and more personal, intimate affects. Borrowing from both the thinking and feeling approaches in Photography Studies, this paper investigates the economic and social contexts that surrounded the production of the images as well as and the affective possibilities they carry. Based on the understanding that taking or posing for a photograph is a ritual rich with symbolic meaning, I argue that immigrants employed the medium as a tool to mediate the delicate act of asserting their presence in a new culture while still preserving ties to the homeland. In the context of displacement caused by migration, participation in the event of photography is a process both affective and political.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".