Ocena bólu u chorych z przewlekłym niedokrwieniem kończyn dolnych
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction. Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a group of disease entities with a common background associated with the development of atherosclerosis. The most common complaint reported to the doctor by patients is pain in the lower limbs. The distance covered by the patient until the onset of pain is called intermittent claudication. In critical ischemia, limb pain also occurs at rest, often worsens at night during sleep. Aim. The objective of the study was to assess pain sensation in patients with chronic ischaemia of the lower limb. Material and methods. The study was conducted at the General and Vascular Surgery Department "D" of the Clinical University Hospital of Lord's Transfi guration in Poznan. The study was conducted using the McGill-Melzack Pain Questionnaire and the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). The study involved 52 patients (women n = 20, 38%; men n = 32, 62%) in the age range from 52 to 82 years. Results. All study participants reported pain of the lower limbs; the mean pain intensity was 8 points according to the Numerical Scale. The most frequently mentioned pain areas were calf muscles. The most often chosen pain descriptions were: tiresome (96.15%), oppressive (96.15%), nagging (94.23%). Authors found the relationship between the degree of ischaemia according to the Fontaine classifi cation and the current pain assessment and the number of selected descriptions of pain. Conclusions. Pain occurred in all subjects with chronic lower limb ischemia. The number of pain descriptions chosen increased with the decrease of the intermittent claudication distance. The degree of ischemia of the lower limbs infl uenced the intensity of pain.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.016 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".