Protective effect of selegiline on cigarette smoke-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in rat lungs in vivo
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Cigarette smoke (CS)-induced build-up of oxidative stress is the leading cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) are novel sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). However, it remains unclear whether MAO signaling is involved in CS-induced oxidative stress in vivo. This study aimed at investigating the impact of selegiline, a selective MAO-B inhibitor, on CS-induced lung oxidative stress and inflammation in vivo and its underlying mechanism. Methods: Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: saline plus sham air (Saline/air), saline plus cigarette smoke (Saline/CS), selegiline plus sham air (Slg/air) and selegiline plus cigarette smoke (Slg/CS). Rats from Saline/air and Saline/CS groups were intraperitoneally injected with saline (2 mL/kg body weight) while rats from Slg/air and Slg/CS groups were injected with selegiline (2 mg/kg body weight) about 30 min prior to exposure daily. The Saline/air and Slg/air groups were exposed to atmospheric air while the Saline/CS and Slg/CS groups were exposed to mainstream CS generated from the whole body inExpose smoking system (SCIREQ, Canada) for twice daily (each for 1 hour with 20 cigarettes). After 7 days, rats were sacrificed to collect bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and lung tissues for the measurement of oxidative/anti-oxidative and inflammatory/anti-inflammatory makers respectively. Results: CS caused significant elevation of MAO-B activity, reduction of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and rGSH/GSSG ratio, and enhancement of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in rat lung. Selegiline significantly only reversed CS-induced elevation of MAO-B activity and reduction of rGSH/GSSG ratio. The CS-induced elevation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) expression via nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was also reversed by selegiline. Despite of CS-induced increase in total cell counts, especially the number of macrophages, selegiline had no effect. Selegiline attenuated CS-induced elevation of pro-inflammatory mediators (CINC-1, MCP-1 and IL-6) and restored CS-induced reduction of anti-inflammatory mediator IL-10 in BAL, which was driven through MAPK and NF-κB. Conclusions: Inhibition of MAO-B may provide a promising therapeutic strategy for CS-mediated oxidative stress and inflammation in acute CS-exposed rat lungs.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it