Metabolic abnormalities among HIV-infected patients: The rational of national health security for people living with HIV
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (ART), traditional risk factors for metabolic syndrome are presented as increasing age. In low- and middle-income countries, the restricted benefit package of national health security for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) does not facilitate the early detection of metabolic disorders. In order to assess the rational of national health security for metabolic abnormalities among people living with HIV (PLHIV), this retrospective study aims to determine the occurrence of metabolic abnormalities and its predicting factors. The study was approved by the hospital ethics committee and conducted at the internal medicine clinic, Pathum Thani Hospital, Thailand. Patients with HIV having had at least 1 year of first-line ART, and having their fasting glucose, fasting lipid profile, and blood pressure assessed before ART were recruited into the study. Those with any abnormal metabolic component prior to ART or absent history of ART were excluded. The metabolic abnormalities were defined as any of the following: elevated triglyceride, reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL), elevated blood pressure, elevated fasting glucose, or on drug treatment for these metabolic abnormalities. The occurrence of metabolic abnormalities was found in 102 of 340 patients (30.0%). Hypertension (11.4%) was the most common abnormality. Age became the single predictor of metabolic abnormalities (odds ratio [OR] = 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.00–1.06). Aging patients with HIV should be the target group for monitoring and treating metabolic abnormalities. The revision of the benefit package on metabolic abnormalities is urgently needed to promote a better quality of life.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".