Polish adaptation and validation of the Modified Reasons for Smoking Scale
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Cigarette smoking leads to development of dependence and is the most frequent cause of many diseases, and premature deaths.Therefore recognition of smoking motives is an important research task.The aim of the study was the Polish adaptation and validation of the Modified Reasons for Smoking Scale (MRSS) which measures seven motives of smoking: addiction, pleasure, tension reduction, social, stimulation, habit and cigarette handling.Material and methods: After obtaining an equivalent Polish translation of the original version, validation studies were conducted on a sample of 477 smokers (51% women) of 18 to 60 years of age.Construct validity was examined with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).Reliability was determined by analysing internal consistency, temporal stability and item-total correlation coefficients.The indicators for criterion validity StreszczenieWprowadzenie: Palenie papierosów prowadzi do uzależnienia i jest jedną z najczęstszych przyczyn wielu chorób oraz przedwczesnych zgonów, dlatego poznanie motywów palenia jest ważnym zadaniem badawczym.Celem badań była polska adaptacja i walidacja Modified Reasons for Smoking Scale (MRSS).Skala ta mierzy siedem motywów palenia: nałogowe, przyjemności, redukcji napięcia, społeczne, stymulacji, nawyku i operowania papierosem.Materiał i metody: Po uzyskaniu równoważnego polskiego tłumaczenia wersji oryginalnej badania walidacyjne przeprowadzono na próbie 477 palących (51% kobiet) w wieku 18-60 lat.Trafność teoretyczną badano konfirmacyjną analizą czynnikową (CFA).
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.012 | 0.031 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".