S0463 Economic Costs Associated With Reduction in Work Productivity Loss for Ulcerative Colitis Patients Receiving Ustekinumab Using Results From the UNIFI Clinical Trial
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The economic burden associated with work productivity loss is substantial in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). The objective of this study was to determine the indirect costs in US dollars associated with changes in work productivity loss (WPL) for UC patients treated with ustekinumab (UST) over a year. METHODS: The Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) questionnaire completed by patients in the UNIFI trial was used to assess the average percentage of work time missed (absenteeism) and impairment while at work (presenteeism) due to UC. Absenteeism costs per year were calculated as the product of an annual salary and percentage of work time missed, whereas presenteeism costs were calculated as the product of an annual salary, work time not missed and percentage of productivity impairment. The total cost per patient associated with WPL (absenteeism + presenteeism) was assessed at baseline and after 1 year of treatment with ustekinumab using an annual salary of $54,906, as reported by the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Census Bureau in 2018. RESULTS: The analysis included 206 UC patients from the UNIFI trial treated with UST 6 mg/kg at induction followed by 90mg taken every 8 or 12 weeks at maintenance (UST 6-UST 90 Q8W/Q12W). Of these, 137 were treated with UST 6-UST 90 Q8W. The average total costs for a UC patient at baseline by arm were $30,716 (UST 6-UST 90 Q8W/Q12W) and $30,697 (UST 6-UST 90 SC Q8W). The average absenteeism, presenteeism and total WPL costs at baseline and week 52 are reported in Figure 1. Treatment with UST 6-UST 90 Q8W/Q12W over 1 year resulted in an estimated reduction of $17,314 in WPL costs per patient (absenteeism: $6,040; presenteeism: $11,274). A similar reduction was estimated for UST 6-UST 90 Q8W treated patients (total per patient: $15,673; absenteeism: $4,887; presenteeism: $10,786). Presenteeism accounted for 65% and 69% of the total WPL costs reduction in patients receiving UST 6-UST 90 Q8W/Q12W and UST 6-UST 90 Q8W, respectively. CONCLUSION: UC patients treated with ustekinumab over a year experienced a reduced absenteeism and impairment while at work, which was associated with savings in WPL costs. The estimated cost reductions after 1 year of treatment with ustekinumab were over $15,000 per patient for the treatment groups assessed. The largest cost reductions were found in presenteeism compared to absenteeism.Figure 1.: Absenteeism, presenteeism and total WPL costs in USD estimated at baseline and week 52 for patients who received ustekinumab.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".