Sighting heterogeneity of right whales in the western North Atlantic: 1980-1992
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The population of western North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis) is distributed primarily between Florida, USA and NovaScotia, Canada, aggregating seasonally in five geographically distinct, high-use areas. To test the effectiveness of monitoring alldemographic classes (juvenile and adult males and females) of the population in these five habitat areas, an evaluation was carried out ofthe identification records of catalogued right whales collected between 1980 and 1992, for which the age, sex and reproductive status (foradult females) were known. The mean annual identification frequency of adult females was significantly lower than that of adult males,juvenile females and juvenile males. Among adult females, reproductively active females were seen significantly more often than expectedwhen lactating (with a calf) than during their pregnancy or resting years. These data suggest that, while research efforts in the five high-usehabitat areas have had relatively equal success at monitoring juvenile males and females and adult males, many adult females are segregatedat times from the rest of the population. Lower variability in annual identification frequencies of adult females indicates that they may bemore site specific in their distribution than males, particularly during the years when they are pregnant or resting from a previous pregnancy.Re-running these analyses using sighting records updated through 2000 will help determine if the trends continue to be documentedregardless of changes in survey effort and patterns of habitat use of some animals.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".