Analysis and Design of Two-Hop Diffusion-Based Molecular Communication With Ligand Receptors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This work presents a performance analysis of a decode-and-forward (DF) relay-assisted diffusion-based molecular communication system consisting of one nanotransmitter, one nanoreceiver and one nanotransceiver acting as relay. We consider cases using one molecule in our two-hop relay network (1M2H), and using two molecules (2M2H). Inspired by the biological signal transduction systems, the ligand-receptor binding mechanism is introduced for the receptors on the surface of receiver. Inter-symbol interference (ISI) and self-interference (SI) can be identified as the performance-limiting effects in our relaying network. The number of received molecules can be approximated by the normal distribution, and using this approximation, a closed-form expression of bit error probability for the relay-assisted network is derived. Then, we put forward an optimization problem for minimizing the bit error probability, and solve it using an algorithm based on the gradient descent to find the optimal detection threshold. In addition, the expression of channel capacity is obtained for two-hop molecular communication with ligand receptors. Numerical results show that the 2M2H network has greater capacity than the 1M2H network.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".