Effectiveness of Spinal Stabilization Exercises with Functional Belts on Non-Specific Lower Back Pain and Pain-Related Functional Conditions in Basketball Players
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background. According to various researchers, lower back pain is experienced by 60-85% of population at least once in a lifetime and up to 94 % in athletes, in addition, back pain is the most common complaint of basketball players. Spinal stabilization exercises, performed in different ways, are most often used in the prevention of sports-related injuries in athletes, but still it remains unclear which is the most effective one.Aim of the study. To determine the effect of different stabilization programs on non-specific lower back pain and functional status of basketball players.Methods. The study was performed with the voluntary consent of subjects. It included 40 subjects who were divided into two groups: first, basketball players (n = 20) who performed spinal stabilization exercises on the mat, and second, basketball players (n = 20) who performed spinal stabilization exercises with functional belts. Subjects’ back pain was assessed on a pain analogy scale (SAS), pain-related function was assessed using the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire, static endurance of basketball players’ trunk muscles was assessed using S. McGill’s tests, and spinal mobility was assessed using the Schober test. All of the measurements were taken pre and post different interventions.Results. A spinal stabilization exercise program without functional belts reduced (p < 0.05) lower back pain and improved (p < 0.05) the functional condition of basketball players. A spinal stabilization exercise program with functional belts reduced (p < 0.05) lower back pain and improved (p < 0.05) functional status. No statistically significant differences were found between the effectiveness of the two stabilization programs used.Conclusion. Spinal stabilization exercises with functional belts and traditional spinal stabilization exercises can be used to reduce back pain, pain-related functional disability in basketball players; however, for greater spinal mobility, it is better to choose exercises with functional belts, and aiming to increase static endurance of trunk muscles it is advisable to use traditional stabilization exercises.Keywords: basketball players, back pain, spinal stability, functional belts.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".