Dielectric Properties of <i>x</i> BiInO₃–(1-<i>x</i>) Pb(Zr₀.₅₂Ti₀.₄₈)O₃ Solid Solutions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study focused on the synthesis and electrical property measurements of the lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-bismuth indate (BI) perovskite solid solution system. As the PZT binary system is a very well-developed and integrated materials system, identifying new ternary systems based on PZT would allow for a new dimension of control into the exploration and improvement of its electrical properties, which could enable enhancements in the performance of current technology and devices. Here, the solid solution of BiInO3–PbZrO3–PbTiO3(${x}$BI–(1-${x}$) PZT 52/48) was explored. Through calcination studies, stable solid solutions were obtained, and compositions up to a maximum of 15-mol% BI were synthesized. With increasing BI content, the symmetry transitioned from a tetragonal P4mm phase toward a rhombohedral R3m phase. The Curie temperature of these samples decreased with increasing mol% BI from ~390 °C in pure PZT 52/48 to 322 °C in 10% BI. Ferroelectric and piezoelectric studies of the 2.5% BI sample showed a coercive field of 14.4 kV/cm,${P}_{\text {max}} = {38}\,\,\mu \text{C}$/cm2,${P}_{r} = {29}\,\,\mu \text{C}$/cm2, and a${d}_{{33}}^{\ast } = {280}$pC/N under a maximum applied field of 70 kV/cm at 1 Hz.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".