On the Surface Residual Stress Measurement in Magnesium Alloys Using X-Ray Diffraction
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
X-ray penetration in magnesium alloys is significant due to the low X-ray mass attenuation coefficient. To measure the surface residual stresses in magnesium alloys, a correction needs to be made to account for penetration depth. The residual stresses in as-received and shot peened AZ31B-H24 rolled sheet samples were measured using two-dimensional X-ray diffraction (2D-XRD) method. The electro-polishing layer removal method was used to find the residual stress pattern at the surface and through the depth. The results show that the corrected residual stresses in a few tens of micrometers layer from the surface differ from the raw stresses. To better estimate the residual stress distribution in the surface, the grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) technique was applied. Additionally, micrographs of the lateral cross-section of the peened specimens confirmed the presence of microcracks in this region, causing the residual stresses to vanish. Due to the low X-ray absorption coefficient of Mg alloys, this study shows how a small uncertainty in a single raw measurement leads to high uncertainty in the corrected residual stresses. The results were corroborated with the hole drilling method of residual stress measurements. The corrected X-ray diffraction (XRD) results are in close agreement with the hole drilling and GIXD results.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it