Clinical Epidemiology of Fractures in Dogs: A Retrospective Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The present study was carried out to determine the clinical epidemiology of bone fracture in dogs based on three years data of Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Science & A. H., Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat. During study, signalment and clinical details of three years (April, 2017 – March, 2020) cases were analyzed that revealed a total number of 9556 dogs presented for various ailments, in which 2289 (23.95%) cases were of surgical affections. Out of these, 275 (12.01%) cases were of orthopaedic affections. During the study period, higher incidence of fracture was seen in femur followed by tibia-fibula, radius-ulna and humerus. Dogs in the age group of 1-6 months showed highest occurrence in comparison to other age group. Breed wise incidences of fracture was higher in non-descript breed followed by German shepherd, Labrador, Spitz and others while sex wise male was more affected then female. In this study, incidence of right hindlimb fracture was found higher followed by fracture of left hindlimb, right forelimb and left forelimb.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".