TILTED EULER CHARACTERISTIC DENSITIES FOR CENTRAL LIMIT RANDOM FIELDS, WITH APPLICATION TO “BUBBLES”
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Local increases in the mean of a random field are detected (conserva-tively) by thresholding a field of test statistics at a level u chosen to control the tail probability or p-value of its maximum. This p-value is approximated by the expected Euler characteristic (EC) of the excursion set of the test statis-tic field above u, denoted Eϕ(Au). Under isotropy, one can use the expansion Eϕ(Au) = ∑k Vkρk(u), where Vk is an intrinsic volume of the parameter space and ρk is an EC density of the field. EC densities are available for a number of processes, mainly those constructed from (multivariate) Gaussian fields via smooth functions. Using saddlepoint methods, we derive an ex-pansion for ρk(u) for fields which are only approximately Gaussian, but for which higher-order cumulants are available. We focus on linear combinations of n independent non-Gaussian fields, whence a Central Limit theorem is in force. The threshold u is allowed to grow with the sample size n, in which case our expression has a smaller relative asymptotic error than the Gaussian EC density. Several illustrative examples including an application to “bub-bles ” data accompany the theory. 1. Introduction. Data
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.014 | 0.061 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".