Structure and function of the nervous system in nectophores of the siphonophore <i>Nanomia bijuga</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
i) Although Nanomia’s bell-shaped nectophores are specialized for locomotion, their cellular elements and complex nerve structures suggest they have multiple subsidiary functions. ii) The main nerve complex is a nerve ring at the base of the bell, an adjacent columnar-shaped matrix plus two associated nerve projections. An upper nerve tract may provide a sensory input while a lower nerve tract connects with the rest of the colony apparently via a cluster of nerve cells at the stem. iii) The structure of the extensively innervated “flask cells” located around the bell margin suggests a secretory function. iv) The numerous nematocytes present on exposed ridges of the nectophore appear to have an entangling rather than a penetrating role. v) Movements of the velum, produced by contraction of the Claus’ muscle system during backwards swimming, can be elicited by electrical stimulation of the surface epithelium even when the major nerve tracts serving the nerve ring have been destroyed (confirming Mackie, 1964). vi) Epithelial impulses generated by electrical stimulation elicit slow potentials and action potentials in the velum musculature. The slow potentials arise at different sites around the velum and give rise to action potentials in contracting Claus’ muscle fibres. vii) A synaptic rather than an electrotonic model can more readily account for the time course of the slow potentials. viii) During backward swimming radial muscle fibres in the endoderm contract isometrically providing the Claus’ fibres with a firm foundation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".