National panorama of niobium between 2010 and 2014
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mining is the extraction activity of a mineral good from the earth's crust. Niobium (Nb) is the element of no. 41 in the periodic table of chemical elements, such as transition metal, with its degree of hardness on the mohs scale equal to 6. The main niobium products of industrial interest are currently ferroniobium, niobium pentoxide vacuum alloys and metallic niobium. Brazil is the holder of the largest mineral reserves and leads the market when talking about Niobium, currently its reserves are estimated around 842,460.00 tons with an average content of 0.73% of Nb2O5. With the addition of new policies and contract renewals, Brazil has consolidated its position in the international market, having as main consumers the United States, Japan, Holland, China, Germany, Canada, South Korea, Russia and the United Kingdom. The rise in the price of oil in the period from 2003 to July 2008 made possible new exploration projects and the maintenance of deactivated transmission lines, which required greater production of steel pipes with resistance to heat and low temperatures, which boosted investments in new studies of the use of substances that met the demand , thus growing the internal market of Niobium.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".