Effects of Ultrasound‐Assisted Alkaline Extraction on Antioxidant Activity and Functional Characteristics of Chicken Feather Keratin Peptides
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract In this research, we focus on enzymatic hydrolysis of chicken feathers, after chemical or chemical and ultrasound pretreatment. Our result illustrated that ultrasound pretreatment preserved the main structure and amino acid composition of extracted keratin as confirmed by the Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and gel‐electrophoresis analysis. In addition, investigation showed that ultrasound‐assisted chemical treatment was more effective on enzymatic hydrolysis and bioactivity as compared to only the chemical treatment. Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) characterization of hydrolyzed products, using Alcalase enzyme at different times, showed that decomposition temperature was decreased during enzymatic hydrolysis and the best antioxidant activity was achieved after 30 min of hydrolysis with the value of 90.43±4.03 % (5 mg/ml concentration). Also, it was found that hydrolyzed product indicated no cytotoxicity to SK‐N‐MC cells when the concentration is less than 0.312 mg/ml. In this paper, the results demonstrated that the ultrasonic‐assisted enzymolysis processing seems to be effective for producing keratin antioxidant hydrolysate.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it